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[:hk]自製脆皮香腸【奧爾良腌料】Homemade Sausage[:en]Homemade Sausage Recipe – New Orleans Style [:]

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香腸堪稱史上最古老的食物之一。古代沒有冰箱,人們久久才宰殺牲畜吃到肉食,捨不得即時吃完,造就了醃製肉類技術的發達。這種以鹽和香料把肉類用動物的腸藏保存起來的原始方式,被意外地發現非常美味,所以英語 sausage 的拉丁字根 “salsus”,意思為帶有鹹味的食物。一些考證指出,香腸最早出現於前 8 世紀的高盧地區 ( 今法國及比利時一帶 ),被古羅馬征服後,把香腸傳遍歐洲各地,成為主要肉食,法蘭克福香腸、法國血腸、義式薩拉米都是耳熟能詳的香腸經典。隨後香腸更沖出歐洲,至今世界各地發展出不同製法和口味。

香腸好味道口感佳不用多說,料理方法便捷多樣,煎烤蒸燜樣樣皆能,更重要是無論怎樣烹調,配搭甚麼食材,美味不減。港式 BBQ 最受歡迎的食材非香腸莫屬。很多家庭的冰箱裏,總會存放一些以備不時之需,沒空做菜,冰箱裏的香腸就成了快速餐食的救命草。

古代香腸多以動物的腸藏製成腸衣,成本較高。現代生產的香腸多用人造腸衣,加入防腐劑、色素及亞硝酸鹽,肉料不新鮮,麵粉的比例可能比肉料多。要放棄如此美食多可惜啊 ﹗其實製作香腸並不是遙不可及的事情,自己選料就不用擔心這些問題了。雖然肥丁並不鼓勵大家一日三餐吃香腸,作為守門的常備菜,自己動手做總比巿售的要健康一些。作為生活情趣偶爾和家人一起挑戰,增進親子感情,也很有成功感啊  ~

家庭製作,最好選擇由動物內藏加工乾燥而成的天然腸衣,保質期長,加工少,太美白的腸衣可能經過人工漂白,選購時要留意。天然腸衣呈淡黃色,有淡淡的內藏羶腥味,泡水時或會出現不規則的皺紋。製作西式香腸宜選直徑較細的羊腸衣,快熟但容易破裂。蒸熟後再慢火煎香脆,一咬即破,相比人工腸衣難以咬斷,口感更清爽。豬腸衣是另一種天然腸衣,直徑較大,灌腸時比較容易操作,不容易破裂,但煮熟後較為堅韌,口感似橡皮,適合新手操作。

香腸的製法方法五花八門,香港近年興起自製臘腸的潮流,今年節氣小雪已過,氣溫還未降下去,製臘腸怕發霉。脆皮香腸不需要長時間晾乾,方法又簡易,香腸灌好後表皮晾至乾燥,蒸熟,放在冷凍室冷藏就可以慢慢吃。用乾燥的香草香料調配的減鹽腌料配方,提升肉的鲜美,沒有巿售香腸那樣鹹。肉泥自己打,口感細膩彈 QQ。煎香最好吃,外皮脆脆的,咬下去能聽到爆裂的聲音,又不像風乾香腸那麼乾硬。配搭水果和蔬菜一起吃,香腸也可以吃得健康。

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材料  ( 可製作 24 根直徑約 5 cm )

購買腸衣點以下連結:

購買任何「羊腸衣兩包」 或 「 豬腸衣兩包」 即享85 折優惠,優惠期由即日起至 2015 年 12 月 31 日,付款確認前記得輸入優惠碼唷

肥丁不負責售買,任何銷售及郵寄的問題,請直接向 NOVA 查詢

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做法

1.  絞肉。把新鮮買回來的梅花肉放入冷凍庫冷藏至半冰硬 (刀能切得下),反之從冷凍庫取出的肉退凍至半硬就可以,切成小塊,加入腌料、地瓜粉及冰水,用料理機攪打成細膩的肉泥,肉質愈細膩口感愈好。不過長時間攪打磨刷力會使豬肉的溫度上升,肥丁用手提攪拌捧攪打 1 ~ 2 分鐘,把整個攪拌容器放進冰箱 10 分鐘,再取出攪打,重複 2 ~ 3 次。攪好的肉泥非常粘稠,蓋保鮮膜放進冰箱,想要試味,可以取一勺肉泥放在平底鍋煎熟,品嘗味道

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2. 預備腸衣。解開羊腸衣,以免套工具時打結。用溫水泡 10 分鐘,這些羊腸衣是製乾的,溫度加少許鹽可去除羶腥味

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3. 把羊腸衣全部套在灌腸的漏斗形的工具上,把工具泡在水中,再套上腸衣比較容易操作,在尾部打結。新手建議把腸衣預先剪開一半,短的腸衣較容易控制

4. 灌湯。灌腸可直接用手,或把豬肉放進擠花袋內,再擠進灌腸工具裏。肥丁覺得用擠花袋比較花力氣,直接用手較快,不想弄髒雙手可以帶手套工具。用姆指把肉泥推壓進工具的孔洞內,左右手交替反複操作。為免肉泥在室溫變暖,先取一半肉泥灌腸,另一半放在冰箱,完成後再取另一半

5. 推肉泥時有空氣壓進去是正常的,完成後用刺針刺穿腸衣,讓空氣排出就可以。灌腸不要過分飽滿,約 8 分滿就可以,不緊也不鬆,否則分段時可能會爆裂。灌腸如有兩人操作比較容易一點,一人灌肉泥,另一人輕輕握住已灌入的部分,控制肉泥下滑的速度,灌出來的香腸飽滿度比較均勻。只有一人,可考慮用小型的手提攪肉機,製作時會輕便一點

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6. 繫繩。到接近完成時,用筷子把最後的肉泥推進腸衣內,腸衣預留 5 ~ 6 cm 的長度,不用打結,在已打結的一端,每 5 cm 的長度捏一下,擰成一段,繫上綿繩,全部完成後,最後才打結

7. 用針或牙籤刺一下有氣泡的地方,以便晾乾時讓空氣排出來

8. 晾乾。把香腸掛在陽光直射不到的地方晾乾一夜,或用風乾機,50ºC 風乾 1 小時,香腸顏色變深,表皮變乾就可以

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9. 蒸熟。把香腸放在蒸鍋中,中火蒸 15 分鐘,水煮也可以,但水煮的火力很難控制,香腸容易在水煮的過程中爆裂

10. 保存。香腸放涼後,用剪刀在繫繩的地方剪開香腸,拿走繩子。蒸熟的香腸可放入保鮮袋冷凍保存 1 個月。立即吃放作冰箱餸菜室,吃的時候稍為煎一下即可

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小叮嚀

  • 在製作過程中,豬肉的溫度保持在 12ºC 或以下,肉的質感才會有彈性,完全退冰口感不好
  • 肉腸一般不會立即吃,蒸熟後存放一段時間便會入味,變得更鹹,所以肉類不用先醃製
  • 肥丁配方是家庭式分量,有需要大量製作,自行倍增就可以了
  • 製作香腸所需的漏斗型的灌腸器,選購腸衣的商家有售,購買時留意腸衣的直徑必須配合工具的寬度
  • 攪拌機並不是必須的,可請商販幫你把新鮮的肉類攪碎,但質感沒那麼細膩,不建議買預先絞碎的豬肉,因為一般不太新鮮影響口感

原文刊登於《明報》星期日生活 ~ 家常便飯專欄,網上版略有修改

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Making sausage at home is one of those lost arts that really is not so difficult as it sounds. In fact, a sausage is simply ground meat and fat, salt, and flavourings.  Knowing a proper ratio of salt to meat and fat is essential, but once you understand it you can adjust to your own perception of saltiness, which varies wildly among people.

[embedyt] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_Mqn3bw8tc%5B/embedyt%5D

Ingredients  ( Makes 24 @ 5 cm length )

Buying Discount for Natural Casings

From now on to 31 December 2015, you can enjoy a 15% off when you purchase any 2 packs of Natural sheep casings or Natural Pork casings. Please make sure you have enter the discount code before your purchase.

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Preparation

1. Grind the Meat. Make sure your ingredients are laid out, and the meat and fat are very cold (fat can be completely frozen), put meat and fat in freezer for at least 2 hours before you begin. Put bowls and grinder in freezer or refrigerator for an hour before using them. Slice your meat into chunks between an inch and two inches across. Grind the meat, seasonings, potato starch and water until fine. If you find the meat become warm, then re-chill it and grind again.

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2. Prepare Casings. Take out some of the casings and immerse them in warm water for about 10 minutes with punch of salt.

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3. Slip a casing onto the stuffing tube. It is more easy to work in the water, bunching up as much casing as possible around the outside of the stuffer. Leave a “tail” of at least 5 ~ 6 cm off the end of the tube: You need this to tie off later.

4. Stuffing the sausage. Divide meat into half, keep the 2nd batch chilled in fridge while you work on the 1st batch.Start cranking the stuffer down. Air should be the first thing that emerges – this is why you do not tie off the casing right off the bat. Use your thumbs to push the meat into the casing and shape the sausage. The meat will slowly work its way through the stuffer and into the casing.

5. Let the sausage come out in one long coil; you will make links later. Remember to leave 5 ~ 6 cm of “tail” at the other end of the casing.

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6. When the sausage is all in the casings, with two hands, pinch off what will become two links. Work the links so they are pretty tight. Then spin the link you have between your fingers away from you several times. Tie a double knot with butcher’s twine. Repeat this process down the coil, until you get to the end of the coil. Tie off the other end.

7. Release air. Use a needle or toothpick, then look for air bubbles in the links. Prick them with the needle, and in most cases the casing will flatten itself against the link.

8. Dry the sausage. Hang sausage to someplace where sunlight cannot reach. Let these dry overnight. I use a food dehydrator 50ºC for 1 hour.

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9. Steam the sausage. Steamed them over low heat for 15 minutes. Cool down, cut the spinning link with scissors, then remove the butcher’s twine.

10. They will keep for 2 ~ 3 days in the refrigerator , but freeze for a month those that will not be used by then.

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8 thoughts on “[:hk]自製脆皮香腸【奧爾良腌料】Homemade Sausage[:en]Homemade Sausage Recipe – New Orleans Style [:]

  • Candy

    請問可以入焗爐風幹? 什麼溫度和時間? thanks

    Reply
    • 可以用焗爐風乾,溫度時間差不多一樣,原則是要低溫,否則香腸有異味而且容易爆開,如你的焗爐很難控制低溫,風乾時門可以留少許隙縫

      Reply
      • Candy

        謝謝你~

  • Anonymous

    上星期按照食譜整腸.. 但我想問肉質是否會好散呢?

    Reply
    • 肉質不應該是軟散的,肉泥可能打得不夠幼細,或保冷不夠

      Reply
  • Yung yin king

    請問唔用羊腸衣,用豬腸衣可以嗎?
    又有什麼分別?

    Reply
  • 你好,想問豬腸衣同羊腸衣係口感上有什麼分別呢?

    Reply

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